Die for making shears



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

I. HARRIS.

DIE FOR MAKINGSHBARS.

No. 352,409. Patented Nov. 9, 1886.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I. HARRIS.

' DIE FOR MAKING SHEARS.

No.352,409. Pate.ntedNdv.9, 1886.

WITNESSES ANW.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

I. HARRIS. DIE FOR MAKING SHEARSJ Patented NOV. 9, 1886.

- Ira Har is ,IIVVE/VTOH f% fl I I Afforne y n. PErERs, Pholo-Lilbogqphgr, wumn lon. D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4@ I. HARRIS.

- DIE FOR MAKING SHEARS. N0. 352,409. v Patented Nov. 9, 1886.

A TTORNEY.

f means of suitable dies being hereinafter fully the same.

NITED STATES:

PATENT FFICE.

IRA HARRIS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

DIE FOR MAKING Sl-lEARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,409, dated November 9, 1886 Application filed October 31, 1885.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA HARRIS, of Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Imbe and], clear, and exact description of the .IVQlllilOIl, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use My invention relates to an improved prowess or method of manufacturing shears, the bows of which are formed with a transverse bevel, such as are known in the trade as ,straight and bent trimmers, bankers shears, barbers shears, and the like, each half of the shears being forged from a bar of- Jteel in a drop-press, the different steps of stamping, swaging, punching, and setting by described, the object being to provide a lighter, cheaper, and better article of manufacture.

In order to produce the bevel above re-- ferred to in the bows, it has been usual to construct them by casting, for the reason that with dies as ordinarily made the beveled bow would key the two dies together and prevent their separation. This difficulty has heretofore been so far insurmountable as to prevent the manufacture of bevel-bowed shears of solid steel.

In carrying out my invention I employ five sets of dies for forming each half of the shears, consisting of breaking-down, forging, trimming, punching, and twisting dies. Of these the first, third, and fourth may be of ordinary construction. The forging-dies of the fingerblade are formed with a transverse lock, so as to impart the transverse bevel above referred to in the sides of the bow and prevent keying the dies together. The final twistingdies are formed like the forging-dies, excepting that they are made with a wind to impart the required set to the blade with the necessary spiral twist or wind.

Each half of the shears, consisting of one blade and its attached bow, is formed by my process of one piece of steel by five complete sets of dies performing the successive operations of breaking down, forging, trimming,

punching, and setting or twisting, making the Serial No. 181,512. (No model.)

shears complete, with the exception .of polishing and fitting.

In carrying out my process I take a bar of steel suitably heated and form a blank by the customary breakingdown process, with suitable dies operated by drop or pressure, then forge the blank thus formed between dies of peculiar construction, which will be described hereinafter. I then' trim the surplus metal between dies in customary manner and punch out the film or web of surplus metal within the bow of the blank by dies, which may also be of usual form, and, finally, when the blank is cooled below a red heat, stamp it between the setting-dies, to be hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings are illustrated suitable dies for carrying out my process.

Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a top and bottom plan of the co-operating dies A and A. Fig. 3 is an elevation in longitudinal section through the center of the dies Aand A. Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a top and bottom plan of the co-operating dies B and B. 6 is an elevation in transverse section of the dies B and B on the line 3/ y, Figs. 4 and 5. These two sets of. dies are arranged side by side in the drop-press,and are used alternately for breaking down the bar of steel to form a suitable blank. Figs. 7 and S are respectively a top and bottom plan of the forgingdies 0 and 0, showing side and end elevations of each. Figs. 9 and 10 are elevations in transverse section of the dies 0 and 0, taken, re spectively, on the lines on m and 0 0.

On Sheet 2, figures from 11 to 20, inclusive, are shown the corresponding breaking and forging dies for the other half of the shears. The same description given of the figures on Sheet 1 will apply to the figures on Sheet 2, except Fig. 19, which is in longitudinal instead of transverse section. To save prolixity the figures on Sheets 1 and 2 are lettered alike.

On Sheet 3, Fig. 2L is a plan of the trimmingdie D, showing also side and end elevations of the same. Fig. 22 is a bottom plan of the eo-operating trimming-die D, showing also an end elevation of the same. Fig. 23 is a side elevation of the die D. Fig. 24 is an elevation in transverse section of the dies D and D on the linesw x, Figs. 21 and 22. These trimming-dies are for trimming off the fins Flg.

from the outside of the forging. Fig. 25 is a plan view of the punching-die E for severing the Web or fin from the inside of the bow, a rear end elevation of the die E being also shown. This die,for conveniencein making,is

' twisting or shaping dies F and F.

divided longitudinally on a vertical line through the center. Fig. 26 is a side elevation of the front portion of the divided die E, showing also the stripper e and the punch E, the latter in its elevated position. Fig. 27 is a side elevation of the rear portion of the die E, showing the punch depressed. Fig. 28 is an end elevation of the die E. Fig. 29 is an elevation in transverse section of the die E, punch E, and stripper 6, taken on the line of y y, Fig. 25. Figs. 30 and 31 are respectively top and bottom plans of the co-operating Figs. 32 and 33 are elevations in section, respectively, on the line :1: av and z z, Fig.30, showing the transverse concavity of the die F.

On Sheet 4, figures from 34 to 44, inclusive, are illustrated the trimming, punching, and shaping dies for the other'half of the shears, fora description of which see description given for figures on Sheet 3.

The construction of the forging-dies is as follows: The dies 0 0, about the parts for forming the blade and shank, are substantially similar to dies B B, except that the grooves or depressions are slightly smaller and bring out more sharply the outlines of the work.

- The part about the bow is entirely different.

The lower die, 0, has a groove, g, which completely surrounds the shear form at a little distance therefrom, and is for the purpose of holding part of the surplus metal and preventing its flow toward the edges of the dies to some extent.

In addition to the customary longitudinal lock or depression forming the bent shoulder, a transverse lock or. depression, 1* r, respectively in the upper and lower dies, is made, forming diverse planes in the parting-surfaces of the dies, and producing the desired crosssection or transverse bevel in the two sides of the finger-bow without causing the keying to-, gether of the dies by the forging operation. inside of the-bow the division of the dies 0 and G is oblique, the dies being brought together here in a projection, s s, respectively, in each die, so that when the faces of the dies are together the projections lie obliquely and bend toward the angle produced by the transverse lock, before referred to, in the faces of 5 their respective dies.,, 'In this way the divisionlines both inside and outside of the bow vary from near the top to near the bottom of the bow.

The fifth or twisting dies are similar in form to the second or forging dies, but have in the blade-forming portion a twist adapted to impart to the blade a permanent set with a slight twist or spiral wind, which in the finished shears adapts the edges to work in close contact and with elastic pressure one upon the other from the heel to the point as the blades are closed in use.

The member F of the twisting-dies F F is transversely convex on-the face of its cavity, so as to produce a concave on the face of the blade. Such concavity could of course be made by the grindstone. or emery-wheel, but would require too much grinding. The stampingdies are therefore made to shape the face of the blade transversely, to approximately fit the emery-wheel or stone on which the blade is to be ground, and consequently little grinding is required.

I am aware that scissors, technically socalled, the same having straight or non-beveled bows, have before been swaged by means of dies. This, therefore, I donot claim as new; but I am not aware that bevel-bowed shears have ever before been swaged, each complete member consisting of one bow and its blade of a single piece of steel.

What I claim is- 1. The forging-dies G G, constructed and operating as herein shown and described, for forging each half a member of a pair of bevelbowed shears from a single piece of steel, as explained.

2. The series of dies A A, B B, and O O, constructed and operating as herein shown and described, for forging bevel-bowed shears.

3. The twisting or shaping dies F F, constructed and operating as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of October, 1885. I

. U IRA HARRIS.

Witnesses:

G. W. SHUMWAY, N. S. AMSTATZ.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent N 0. 352,409, granted November 9, 1886, upon the application of Ira Harris, of Cleveland, Ohio, for an improvement in Dies for Making Shears, an error appears in the printed specification requiring the following correction: In line 91, page 2, the Words each half a member should read each I half or member and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 16th day of November, A. D. 1886.

[SEAL] D. L. HAWKINS,

Acting Secretary of the Interior. "Gountersigned:

R. B. VANCE,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Correction in Letters Pater it No. 352,409. 

